Linux Ubuntu 10.04 - 10.10

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how to install kde in ubuntu 10.10

install_kde_on_ubuntu_10_04.jpg



Ubuntu 10.10 uses GNOME desktop as their default desktop.If you want to use only KDE desktop then there is special KDE version of Ubuntu known as Kubuntu(KDE+Ubuntu).But you may like to test all the desktop of ubuntu as each has its own taste and significance then you can do that in few steps.Actually all different versions of ubuntu like Kubuntu,Xubuntu,edubuntu,Mythubuntu,Ubuntu Studio or others differs only in their default desktop and the basic applications installed by default.So if you want to use other desktops then use synaptic manager to install them and you will be able to use all desktop in single installation(e.g in ubuntu 10.04 you can enjoy kde,xfce,edubuntu,UbuntuStudio etc.).
Simple Steps for Installing KDE desktop in Ubuntu 10.10 :

step1: Open Synaptic Package Manager(System->Administration) and search for “kde desktop”.Now you should decide whether you want to use kde as a primary desktop or secondary or just for changing taste.In first case you can choose full kde from Synaptic Package Manager but in the second case minimal kde or base kde is fine.

step2: Check the box of the selected package for installation.

step3: Now click on apply changes.It may ask you to ask for other dependent softwares.Click ok(yes) and proceed to installation.Installation will begin and finish within few minutes depending on your connection bandwidth.

step4: You have installed KDE successfully…Now this is the time to enjoy KDE.Next logout fr0m the current session and go to the login prompt.Enter your username and password as usual but select the Desktop as KDE fr0m the menu(select your desktop from the menu which says GNOME by default..(Just right after the session, at the bottom of your login window),When you click on that menu then many options will come..now select KDE or other,whatever you want) .

step5: End… I hope you are enjoying KDE…
You can also manually download this from the kde official website(see below,link is given) and install it in ubuntu 10.04 or other linux versions.


Download KDE
 
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how to login as root in ubuntu 10.10

root-login-ubuntu.png



On Ubuntu 10.10 you can’t have all the administrative or root power with the default user,created during the installation.If you want to login as root in GUI mode then use passwd command(Explained Below).If you think that why can’t I get all the root power with the default user,then the reason is obvious – the security policy of GNU/Linux or Ubuntu.It means that Ubuntu treats every user like a beginner if you are a advanced one then enable/hack and customize everything in the way you want.But this policy might be irritating some times specially while performing administrative task,but you can do that from Command Line by gaining temporary root power by using sudo commands.
On the other hand but if you don’t want to mess with commands,then other simple solution is to enable root login in gui mode,which can be done in few simple steps –

step #1 : Create Root user
To create ROOT user enter the following command at terminal(hit CTRL+ALT+T to open Terminal).Then enter a new password twice for root user.
ubuntuuser@ubuntuuser-desktop:~$ sudo passwd root
[sudo] password for ubuntuuser:
Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: password updated successfully…..


step #2 : Login as Root in GUI mode

To use root power in gui mode ,logout from the current session and in login window select other user;enter root as username and in place of password enter the one as defined in step1.That’s all ..enjoy the real power of Ubuntu 10.10.


Caution : Always Remember that in gui mode ROOT power is very dangerous if you aren’t sure what you are doing..so use the root power carefully because one mistake can damage/corrupt you whole system & …..that’s why it’s recommended to come back in normal mode(non root) after completing the critical tasks.
 
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What is sudo in Ubuntu?

sudo_commands.gif



In early days it was difficult to manage the permissions for different users in a multiuser operating system that may be a client or server;suppose every user has a power of a superuser or root then any one of them may be misused the system either intentionally(If the user is smart) or ignorantly(If the user is a beginner one).Hence the simple solution of this problem is to limit the power for every users according to their need so that they can do simple tasks normally but in case of any administrative task root power is granted for small period(usually five minutes)by using the sudo commands.In sudo su stands for superuser and do means do(as usual).Hence sudo is mostly used by a permitted user for taking the permission to execute some commands as a another user or superuser, according to the information specified in sudoers file.Suppose the user that is invoking a command using the sudo power, is root then there is no need to enter user password.By default authentication is required and the user password is required; the user may use the sudo power again for short period of time(5-15min).So sudo is very useful in finishing some administrative task by a simple user.Now we are going to learn something more about the sudo commands. Syntax of the sudo commands :



It is very simple..just use the word sudo before the actual command and hit enter.Then it will ask for the users password ..enter the password after the authorization process the commands will execute.e.g I am trying to execute commands1(installing a package using apt-get).
user840@user840-desktop:~$ sudo commands1
[sudo] password for user840:
Reading package lists… Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information… Done

….and so on the execution will complete.
Options in SUDO :

-A : Using this option the another helper program(It may be in graphical format) is called and executed to read the password of the user and output the user password to the canonical output.
-u user : this option tells the sudo to run the target command as a user instead of root(which is default case).You may use UID rather than username by using UID followed by ‘#’.i.e #uid.
-a : It is used by the sudo to use the special authentication type for the validation of the user according to the permission settings stored in /etc/login.conf.
This option is is used only in the system having the support with BSD authentication mechanism.
-b : Specifying -b(background) with the sudo command simply means to order the sudo that “run the target command in background”.
-p prompt : By using -p (prompt) one can easily customize the password prompt.So using some ‘%’ escapes(e.g %H,%h,%p) you may use any other prompt rather then the default one.
Although there are many other options available but you can easily find out in your bash shell.just type info sudo and hit enter.
Environment Variables :

here are the some environment variables used by the sudo.
USER : Set to the current user.By default its value is equal to root if -u option is not specified.
SUDO_UID : user ID of the user who used the sudo.
SUDO_USER : Set to the login of the permitted user who is using sudo.
Go to your bash terminal for the details about the more environmental variables(info sudo OR man -k sudo OR help sudo).
 
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how to install clementine media player on Ubuntu

This post is written for beginners about an open source media player clementine.Clementine is developed on
the top of Amarok media player.Clementine is an open source media player and it’s available for Linux based

clementine-media-player.jpg




OS e.g Ubuntu 10.10(Maverick Meerkat),10.04(Lucid Lynx)..,Windows and Mac OS X.Clementine is a fast music player with nice interface and options to enjoy music.
Features of Clementine
it has a lot of features like Dynamic and smart playlists,rain effects,file converting and editing features,Lyrics searching from Internet and the one of the best feature is – easy synchronization with Ipod or MTP or mass storage USB players.


How to install Clementine on Ubuntu


step #1 : Download the right package for your computer.
Download Link for Clementine :


Kod:
http://code.google.com/p/clementine-player/downloads/list


step #2 : Then open the package with Gdebi Package installer(In ubuntu 10.04 or older versions of Ubuntu) or Ubuntu Software Center(in Ubuntu 10.10) and click on install.


step #3 : wait for few seconds until the installation is complete.Then go to Applications -> Sound & Video ->Clementine and enjoy!! here is one snapshot ..




clementine-media-player-snapshot.jpg
 
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how to install amarok in ubuntu 10.10

Amarok is the best mp3 player for Ubuntu 10.10/10.04/9.10 or any other Linux Based operating systems such as Linux Mint,Fedora,OpenSuse..So this post is aimed to help novice users in installing Amarok on Ubuntu 10.10(Maverick Meerkat) but actually the procedure is almost same for other platforms.Amarok has lot of features like Dynamic Playlists,Context View,scripts,database importing…. with an intuitive user interface(UI).


install-amarok-on-ubuntu-1010.jpg



Installing Amarok on Ubuntu 10.10


step #1 : Open Ubuntu Software Center(Applications->USC)(or Synaptic Package Manager(System->Administration->SPM)).


step #2 : Now search for ‘amarok’ and click on install button(or mark the box and click on Apply with package manager) to begin the installation procedure,enter the login password if you are prompted for authentication.


step #3 : …Wait for the installation to complete(it won’t take much time..).Now you have to enable the support for mp3 files by installing the following packages – Open Terminal(hit CTRL+ALT+T) and Type the commands – (followed by your ubuntu login password,if required)

sudo apt-get install libxine1-ffmpeg
then open it from Applications->Sound & Video->Amarok.

step #4 : That’s All…rediscover your music,with Amarok!!
 
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webcam software for Ubuntu 10.10

webcam-software-for-ubuntu-10-10.jpg



Ubuntu 10.10(Maverick Meerkat) arrived with a lot of improvement but still certain softwares and drivers are missing from the default package;the webcam software/driver is one of them.Now a days a computer system is not complete without a webcam because it’s needed every where specifically in social networking and video chatting.
The Laptop users suffers much from these problems while using ubuntu because their vendor doesn’t provide webcam drivers for non-windows/mac systems.So this post will explain you about some most useful webcam application softwares that you can use to take pictures,record videos …and for live chat.
The most common webcam softwares include Cheese Webcam Booth,Camorama Webcam Viewer(small utility for viewing and saving webcam pictures) and Kamoso,out of which Cheese is Best and have a lot of advanced features.


How to install Cheese in Ubuntu 10.10


search for cheese in Applications -> Ubuntu Software Center(or Synaptic Package Manager) and click on Install to begin the installation.it’ll hardly take a couple of seconds.Then start taking pictures with Cheese with a lot of fun effects.More help on how to install cheese on Ubuntu.
 
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webcam software for Ubuntu 10.10 2 deo

webcam_software_for_ubuntu_10_04.jpg



After installing Ubuntu 10.10,Are you wondering for the drivers or software for your webcam?Don’t worry! I will tell you about an excellent software for your webcam and then you can record photos and videos along with a lot of fun effects.Not only this,you can also share your photos very easily by using an excellent photo manager,”F-Spot” which came as default application in Ubuntu 10.10 release.


Cheese : For your webcam

The software that you can use very easily for taking photos and videos is “cheese”.Actually it was written in 2007 as a part of Google Summer of code.Cheese can also create some fancy effect in photos and videos by using Gstreamer.
Requirements for Using Cheese :
*GNOME 2.28
*GStreamer 0.10
*webcam


How to install Cheese in Ubuntu 10.10?

It is very simple ..it will take two steps and few minutes to install.
step1: Go to Ubuntu Software Center or Synaptic Package Manager and search for cheese.
step2: Click to install.
step3: End..
 
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web development tools for Ubuntu 10.10

This post will explain about some open source and free web development tools that you can use to increase your productivity while using Ubuntu(Linux Based operating system,specifically designed for desktop users) 10.10(Maverick Meerkat) or 10.04(Lucid Lynx).


javascript-eclipse-ide.png



#1 : Eclipse Web Development tools ::

Eclipse IDE is probably the best for web development on Ubuntu.it’s open source and available completely free.Eclipse is mainly popular as JAVA IDE but it has a lot of plugins and special editions for web developers.e.g Eclipse PHP,Javascript,HTML,XML and so on.Some packages are specially organized in web tools.Installing Eclipse is quite simple ..just extract it to any directory and run the main executable.If you are still not sure then see here – installing eclipse on ubuntu 10.10


Download Eclipse web tools


#2 : Quanta Plus ::


Quanta Plus is a web development environment for HTML(and other markup languages) ,scripting language(e.g php,javascript,python),CSS(Cascading Style Sheet)..and so on.You can install it on Ubuntu 10.10 in a couple of clicks from Ubuntu Software Center.



quanta-plus-snapshot.png



#3 : Bluefish Editor ::

Bluefish Editor is a GTK+ based HTML Editor specifically designed for advanced web designer/developer.It’s features includes HTML syntax highlighting,image thumbnail creation,image insert dialog,frames and table manipulation..and so on.it’s also available in ubuntu software center.one snapshot on ubuntu is given below -


bluefish_editor_for_ubuntu_10_04.png



#4 : Geany ::


Geany is a lightweight and fast IDE based on GTK2.it’s open source and free.it has support for almost all the commonly used web programming languages.it is very simple to use.You can download and install it very easily …in a couple of clicks.


Download Geany IDE





geany-snapshot.png



If you are not familiar with ubuntu packages and installation procedures then this might help you – how to install geany in ubuntu.
 
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how to install eclipse ide on ubuntu 10.10

javascript-eclipse-ide.png



Eclipse IDE(Integrated Development Environment) is probably the open source and free IDE’s.For Java it’s best.. due to a lot of functionality,good navigation and GUI Design.Eclipse platform is perfectly modular so After installing Eclipse-Platform(developed by IBM) you can install any other components/toolkits to increase it’s functionality.e.g by adding JDT(Java Development Tools) packages you can enjoy java programming with Eclipse,similarly CDT(C/C++ Development Tools) for C/C++ fun.There are lot of Eclipse versions are available for different programming language e.g for web development(As you see in the above screenshot) java script version of Eclipse is also available,For PHP developers ,a dedicated PHP version is available and. ..so on.Some Developers says Eclipse is very complex and not recommended for beginners ,sure there is little trade off between the functionality and complexity but overall it’s not so tough and free tutorials/whitepapers are available on internet,to increase the fun of programming in Eclipse.
Installing Eclipse in Ubuntu 10.10 Maverick Meerkat

In Ubuntu 10.10 Maverick Meerkat the Ubuntu Software Center is a good place to install and manage applications without any hassle,specially for beginners who don’t have any previous experience with GNU/Linux based operating system e.g Ubuntu 10.10.On the other hand if you want some more details about the package then Synaptic Package Manager is recommended.


From Ubuntu Software Center(or Synaptic package manager)

Go to Ubuntu Software Center and search for ‘eclipse’ and click on install(see the snapshot) to begin the installation procedure.Wait for the installation to complete and then go to Applications->Programming->Eclipse to load the Eclipse IDE Platform.



install-eclipse-ubuntu.jpg


Alternative Method to install Eclipse on Ubuntu 10.10
Another simple method to install any version of Eclipse IDE is to download the Required packages from the Eclipse’s official website(Link is given below) and extract it to the required directory.
#1. Download the Eclipse IDE


download eclipse


#2. Extract the archive to any directory.Then create a shortcut on the desktop or in the menu to access it,other ways to open eclipse is “click on the file the you want to open with eclipse and select open with and locate the executable,don’t forget to check the box which says remember this application for selected file type”.
 
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how to record desktop in ubuntu 10.10

Do you want to record desktop/screen in Ubuntu 10.10(Maverick Meerkat) ? it’s very simple because this post will explain about a free and open source application that you can use to capture desktop in a couple of clicks.Actually there is a dozens of open source tools that you can try but RecordItNow is my favorite desktop recording software on Ubuntu 10.10.


RecordItNow : Desktop Recording Software for Ubuntu
RecordItNow is plugin based desktop recorder designed for KDE.It is based on recordmydesktop application and it uses ffmpeg && mencoder for encoding.It’s very simple to use and graphical interface is very simple.RecordItNow version 0.8 is the latest build,released in March 2010.


How to install Record-It-Now on Ubuntu 10.10
It’s extremely simple …open ubuntu software center and search for ‘record’ then you will see the required packages in result ,just click on install button and enter your ubuntu login password to begin installation.The installation will complete within few seconds.Then go to Applications -> Sound & Video -> RecordItNow and enjoy capturing desktop moves.
Here’s one screenshot of RecordItNow options/control buttons on Ubuntu 10.10 -


recordnow-snapshot-ubuntu-1010.png

Recording Desktop on Ubuntu

See the above snapshot ..everything seems self explanatory,Isn’t? well I hope so.Select the frame rate as you like ,FPS stands for Frames Per Second and the quality(and memory size) of the captured video will be directly proportional to the number of FPS.Check the box after that if you wanto to record sound along with the screen.Select the time delay from left box.Next select the screen area and start ..recording your screen.

That’s All ….If any problem occurs let me know via comments.
 
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